Verbascoside (Acteoside)

Verbascoside (Acteoside)
 

• CAT Number : FNK-2400247
• CAS Number : 61276-17-3
• Molecular Weight : 624.59
• Molecular Formula : C₂₉H₃₆O₁₅
• Pack size: 5 mg
• Store: Store at 2-10℃ in a dry and dark place.
• Purity: (HPLC) ≥98％

Product description
Verbascoside, also known as acteoside, is a natural phenylpropanoid glycoside found in a variety of plants, including lemon verbena and olive. It exhibits multiple biological activities, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial properties.

Properties

• Molecular formula: C₂₉H₃₆O₁₅
• Molecular weight: 624.6 g/mol
• Appearance: Crystalline solid
• Solubility: Soluble in ethanol, DMSO, and dimethyl formamide; approximately 30 mg/ml in these solvents
• UV/Vis λmax: 220, 335 nm

Applications and usage

• Research tool for studying antioxidant and anti-inflammatory mechanisms
• Potential therapeutic agent for neuroprotection and cancer treatment
• Used in biochemical studies related to antimicrobial activity
• Investigated for its wound-healing and gastroprotective effects

Safety and handling

• For research use only - not for human or veterinary diagnostic or therapeutic use
• Handle with appropriate personal protective equipment
• Store at -20°C for optimal stability
• Avoid ingestion, inhalation, and contact with eyes, skin, or clothing
• Wash thoroughly after handling

Involved human diseases

Neurodegenerative Diseases:

• Verbascoside exhibits neuroprotective effects by blocking amyloid deposition and reducing amyloid β peptide toxicity, which is relevant in Alzheimer's disease (AD). It inhibits amyloid β peptide oligomerization and enhances its degradation, offering potential therapeutic benefits for AD.
• It also shows inhibitory effects on enzymes like monoamine oxidase (MAO) and acetylcholinesterase (AChE), which are involved in neurodegenerative diseases.

Cancer:

• Verbascoside has demonstrated anti-tumor activity against various cancers, including ovarian cancer, glioblastoma, prostate cancer, breast cancer, and colorectal cancer. It exerts its effects by inhibiting cell proliferation, migration, and promoting apoptosis.
• In ovarian cancer, verbascoside inhibits the AKT/NF-κB pathway and promotes M1 macrophage polarization, which contributes to its anti-tumor efficacy.

Inflammatory Diseases:

• Verbascoside has anti-inflammatory properties that help in conditions characterized by inflammation. It modulates signaling pathways like NF-κB and MAPK to exert its effects.
• Its ability to enhance antioxidant enzyme activities also contributes to its anti-inflammatory effects.

Cardiovascular Diseases:

• Verbascoside offers cardiovascular protection through its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. It helps in reducing oxidative stress and improving endothelial function.

Diabetes:

• The compound has shown potential in managing diabetes by improving insulin secretion and reducing oxidative stress.

• Verbascoside supports bone health by regulating bone remodeling markers and enhancing osteogenesis. It decreases osteoclastogenesis and promotes bone mineralization.

Liver Diseases:

• Its hepatoprotective effects are attributed to its ability to reduce liver inflammation and damage caused by various factors like toxins or infections.

Cellular Signaling Pathways Affected

PKC/HMGB1/RAGE/NF-κB pathway:

• Verbascoside inhibits this pathway in gingival cells under high glucose conditions, leading to reduced oxidative stress and inflammation.

AKT/NF-κB pathway:

• Verbascoside downregulates CCN1 and inhibits the AKT/NF-κB signaling pathway in ovarian cancer cells.
• It reduces the phosphorylation of AKT and NF-κB in colon cancer cells when combined with 5-FU.

MAPK pathway:

• Verbascoside attenuates the activation of TAK1/JNK/AP-1 signaling in LPS-treated U937 cells.
• It shows synergistic effects with temozolomide in glioblastoma cells through the MAPK pathway.

Nrf2/HO-1 axis:

• Verbascoside activates this antioxidant pathway, promoting the nuclear translocation of Nrf2 and increasing the expression of HO-1.

STAT3 pathway:

• Verbascoside targets SHP-1 (a protein tyrosine phosphatase) to inhibit STAT3 activation in cancer cells.

PI3K/AKT pathway:

• Verbascoside combined with 5-FU reduces PI3K and p-AKT/total AKT ratio in colorectal cancer cells, potentially sensitizing them to 5-FU treatment.

Mitochondrial function:

• Verbascoside improves mitochondrial function by increasing spare respiratory capacity and partially restoring maximal oxygen consumption rates in cells subjected to oxidative stress.

Apoptosis-related pathways:

• Verbascoside affects the expression of apoptosis-related genes such as Bcl-2, Bax, and caspases in various cancer cell lines.